Balance Begins to Decline Around Age Fifty

Falls among senior citizens are all too common, and in many cases, threaten a person’s independence and way of life. Injuries from falls include to the head, hip fractures, and in extreme cases lead to death; and poor balance is one of the reasons people fall.

Experts explain a person’s balance declines with age due to loss of sensory elements, the ability to integrate information and issue motor commands; and loss of musculoskeletal function as well as poor vision and inner ear problems. Certain medications and common medical conditions in older adults can also cause problems. Balance begins to decline in midlife, starting at about age 50. In one study, adults in their 30s and 40s could stand on one foot for a minute or more. By age 50, the time decreased to 45 seconds.

The National Institute on Aging (NIH) explains maintaining good balance as you age and learning about fall prevention can help you get around, stay independent, and carry out daily activities. Targeted exercises like walking, strength training and workouts designed to improve stability are some of the best ways to improve balance. Consult with your doctor as to whether a physical therapist or other professional could help design suitable exercises to improve your balance.

Also talk to your doctor about any dietary changes you should make if your balance problems are due to high or low blood pressure. Something as simple as eating less salt, maintaining a healthy weight and exercising may help with high blood pressure.

If you have low blood pressure and experience dizziness, do not stand up too quickly, drink plenty of fluids such as water and avoid alcohol. Your doctor may need to evaluate if it is safe to for you to drive. To reduce your risk of falling, avoid walking in the dark, wear low-heeled, rubber-soled shoes; and if you need a mobility aid such as a cane or walker, use it.

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